留学资质认证：BJ2000016留学资质认证：BJ2000016很多同学都来询问：申请美国大学本科生奖学金有多大难度？我的条件可以申到TOP50学校的全奖吗？申请奖学金签证需提供资金证明吗？我该如何准备才能申请到奖学金呢？以我的条件，申请会计硕士奖学金有可能不？一般申请美国化硕士拿奖学金的概率多少？希望这个专题可以让你初步了解一下美国奖学金的基本知识。
推荐阅读：[申请美国全额奖学金需要做到的五点充分准备]
名词解释
从严格意义上讲，所谓美国大学“奖学金”应称为“经济资助（financial aid）”，这些奖学金有些是基金会、企业、公司、工厂或私人捐助给学院的，金额从五百美元到十几万美元不等，大部分限制只提供给美国公民，供给国际学生的很少。
Financial Aid:
Money provided to the student and the family to help them pay for the student's education. Major forms of financial aid include gift aid (grants and scholarships) and self-help aid (loans and work).
Fellowship：
MA form of aid given to graduate students to help support their education. Some fellowships include a tuition waiver or a payment to the university in lieu of tuition. Most fellowships include a stipend to cover reasonable living expenses (e.g., just above the poverty line). Fellowships are a form of gift aid and do not have to be repaid.
Scholarship
A form of financial aid given to undergraduate students to help pay for their education. Most scholarships are restricted to paying all or part of tuition expenses, though some scholarships also cover room and board. Scholarships are a form of gift aid and do not have to be repaid. Many scholarships are restricted to students in specific courses of study or with academic, athletic or artistic talent.
Grant:
A type of financial aid based on financial need that the student does not have to repay.
Graduate Assistantship:
There are two types of graduate assistantships: teaching assistantships (TA) and research assistantships (RA). TAs and RAs receive a full or partial tuition waiver and a small living stipend. TAs are required to perform teaching duties. RAs are required to perform research duties, not necessarily related to the student's thesis research.
Renewable Scholarships:
A scholarship that is awarded for more than one year. Usually the student must maintain certain academic standards to be eligible for subsequent years of the award. Some renewable scholarships will require the student to reapply for the scholarship each year; others will just require a report on the student's progress to a degree.
本科奖学金的申请
Need-Based
Financial aid that is need-based depends on your financial situation. Most government sources of financial aid are need-based.
这个经济资助是依据学生家庭经济状况给的，主要考虑的点是父母收入、家庭资产、家庭大小和其他因素。Need-based奖学金对于本国的申请者来说是非常丰厚的，许多大学80%以上的一年级学生都能以不同的方式获得Need-based奖学金。但是对于国际学生来说，只有少部分大学是有提供的，绝大部分的大学仅有少量甚至没有Need-based奖学金供国际学生申请。
所以申请这种类型的奖学金，在向学校提请要求和出示自己的资金情况时，就必须非常有技巧。如果你申请的太多，超过学校的承受能力，你就极有可能被拒绝。
Merit-based
Financial aid that is merit-based depends on your academic, artistic or athletic merit or some other criteria, and does not depend on the existence of financial need. Merit-based awards use your grades, test scores, hobbies and special talents to determine your eligibility for scholarships.
Merit-based奖学金是以申请人本身的学术，思想品质，发展潜力等实力因素来决定最后奖学金的多少。不管你经济上是否需要帮助，只要是学校认可你的学术背景，一样还是会给予奖学金的。大多数的Merit-based奖学金并没有局限于美国本土的学生申请，而是针对大部分申请者，所以你要是觉得自己有着过人的背景，不妨尝试申请。
Need-Blind
Under need-blind admissions, the school decides whether to make an offer of admission to a student without considering the student's financial situation. Most schools use a need-blind admissions process. A few schools will use financial need to decide whether to include marginal students in the wait list.
Need-Blind不是奖学金，而是美国大学的录取政策。对于很多资金实力雄厚的私立大学，他们在录取学生的时候，不考虑学生是否需要学校提供资助，也就是说你申请奖学金与否对你的申请没有任何影响。一旦他们认为你符合录取标准，他们会根据学生的家庭情况做出判断：该学生家庭能够承担多少费用，其余全部由学校设法提供。美国的很多私立名牌学校都执行需求无关的政策，例如哈佛大学、普林斯顿大学、耶鲁大学等。
研究生奖学金的申请
Fellowship：
Fellowship是一种对在进行研究工作的人员给予的较高额奖学金，是给研究生的经济资助中竞争最为激烈的奖学金。如果获得了Fellowship，即除了免学杂费、住宿费、保险费、书本费以外，还给获奖学生一定金额作为其个人消费费用。同时不必服务，也不用纳税，这种奖学金是完全意义上的“全奖”。
Graduate Assistantship
Teaching Assistantship (TA):A form of financial aid awarded to graduate students to help support their education. Teaching assistantships usually provide the graduate student with a waiver of all or part of tuition, plus a small stipend for living expenses. As the name implies, a TA is required to perform teaching-related duties.
Research Assistantship (RA): A form of financial aid awarded to graduate students to help support their education. Research assistantships usually provide the graduate student with a waiver of all or part of tuition, plus a small stipend for living expenses. As the name implies, an RA is required to perform research duties. Sometimes these duties are strongly tied to the student's eventual thesis topic.
这种属于服务性奖学金，获得此类资助者每周担任12-20小时的辅助教学或研究工作。这种经济资助只提供给硕士或者博士申请者。绝大多数的美国高校研究生院都设置这种资助，然而并非所有的此类资助都能覆盖一年中的全部费用，但多数都在全部金额的2/3以上。不过很多学校提供这种奖学金的同时，还会给学生免学杂费，也就相当于申请到“全奖”。在这里有一点要说明：TA/RA所得是要纳税的。
Tuition Waiver
实际上Tuition Waiver并不属于奖学金的范畴，而是属于经济资助，这是中国学生，尤其是非理工类申请人拿的最多的一类资助类型。它也是非服务性资助中发放最多的，最容易申请的一种。这里顺便说一句：如果你可以获得学费全部减免就是大学通常所说的“半奖”，如果再拿到RA/TA就属于“全奖”了。
>>我感兴趣，马上在线咨询
400-609-1118
美国
加拿大
英国
澳洲
新西兰
香港
新加坡
日本
亚洲
欧洲
美国法学院申请攻略
海外TOP院校申请规划
九大热门理工学院申请
新西兰热门专业申请
400-609-1118
京公网安备 11010502030317号